Free Glass Menagerie Essays: Realism :: Glass Menagerie essays

The Realistic Feel of The Glass Menagerie Tom Williams in the play The Glass Menagerie writes about a time when his family struggles.   Many people can relate their problems one way or another with Williams.   Though the play had a very realistic feel to it, many people enjoy fairytale endings. The play is very well written, but I would change the ending.  Ã‚   The ending was depressing.  Ã‚   The whole family worked so hard on preparing for the gentleman caller.   Amanda, Tom's mother completely redecorated their home and picked out beautiful clothes for Laura and herself.   The whole play led up to this moment, of Laura meeting a nice gentleman caller.   Conveniently it was the boy she had a crush on all through high school.  Ã‚   Whom, she always fantasized about being with.   At first it seemed he was interested in her also.   They should have had him and Laura become romantically involved.   Eventually get married and have kids.   This would have been a much happier ending.   Not only would Laura be happy, but Amanda and Tom would be too.   Amanda would finally not have to worry about her daughter anymore, because she would be taken care of.   Tom would be happy because he too, would no longer have to worry about his sister.   This is more l ike a fairy tale ending, but it would have been much more interesting and inspiring if Laura did become married to the gentlemen caller.   Laura had such a rough time with her life, this would have given her hope that she never had. The entire play is a family struggling which can be compared to many of our own lives.   The play isn't fantasy like at all.   It is realistic, and that's what is good about it.   Tom was struggling to taking care of his mother and sister, which can be compared, to the way families live today.   Laura is disabled and very insecure of it.   Amanda is just like any mother, she tries hard to help her children have a secure future.   Another hardship for Tom and his family is that their father is no longer in the picture.   He abandoned the children at a very young age.   These examples can be compared to our own lives.   Instead of the play being about people with no problems, it's about "real people."   Everyone has problems and struggles, maybe not exactly as Tom's family does, but we can relate with similar problems.

Bollywood and Liberalization Essay

Bollywood as a term has been roughly in vogue for the last four decades and is synonymous to the Hindi film industry of Mumbai, formerly Bombay. But not until recently the term Bollywood has become a global phenomenon with the hay days of the economic liberalization or globalization in India since 1991. But before we delve deep into Bollywood, it is imperative that we should throw light on the economic phenomena of globalization and its socio-cultural impact on India. Towards a definition of globalization: According to the Oxford dictionary, globalization is the process by which businesses or other organizations develop international influence or start operating on an international scale. From the above definition of the term, it is difficult to draw its influence on a culture and its impact on a global scale. If we take the example of India, which in turn, is the world’s largest democracy and the largest potential market for its ever growing population, it should be borne in mind that Firstly, Globalization implies free trade and mobility of goods, which has flooded the Indian market with innumerable foreign products, Secondly, as the flood gates of foreign business opened to India, it exposed the indigenous business to the crude and highly demanding uneven market competition which resulted in the obliteration of a number of Indian companies. India was primarily a sellers’ market, but due to high population and a considerably huge market in comparison to the European ones with a few indigenous competitors, India turned int o a consumers’ market. According to Brian Longhearst, Globalization is a term that tries to capture the rapid social change that is occurring across a number of dimensions, including economy, politics, communications and culture†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. where socio economic life cannot be firmly located in a particular place with clear boundaries. Hindi films, by the turn of the last decade of the previous century, have been an embodiment of these socio economic shifts. These shifts are in accord with the cultural shift that has been inflicted by the globalized order of things. Spectrum of the Indian market had changed overnight due to the flooding of a host of foreign products in the indigenous markets. If we consider the classical Marxist approach of the relation between an economy and its culture, economy of a state is its base and the culture that thrives there is the superstructure built on that base. So an economic implication on a nation inevitably influences the cultural practice of the societies of that nation who are exposed to that economic base. In P. Joshi’s ‘Bollylite in America’, Bollywood has been meant for a ‘culture industry that remains constitutively international in production and global in consumption.’ Popular for its Hollywood remakes and reformulation of popular Hollywood films, other regional language films (Tamil, Telugu, Bengali, Bhojpuri, and Malayalam language) and even old films, the term Bollywood has come to represent both an acknowledgment of the debt the directors and technicians of the Hindi film industry owe to Hollywood for their creative ideas as well as a description which challenges the monopolistic hegemony of Hollywood across the globe. In this regard, Asish Rajadhyaksha presents a very interesting definition of Bollywood which enhances us to understand the industry in a better way than the usual consensus about Bollywood. According to him, Bollywoodization can be best understood as a †¦..diffused cultural conglomeration involving range of distribution and consumption activities. But this definition is prevalent only after it has incorporated the ethics and contradictory forces of globalization like privatization, and liberalization which changed the production and consumption of Mumbai films. The near universal legitimization of the term Bollywood (instead of Hindi cinema, Bombay cinema, Indian popular cinema, etc) is an index of larger social transformations taking place in India. Changes in the Film Industry from 1991 It is imperative to throw light on the media sector of India and its subsequent effect of the liberalization policies. With the arrival of the satellite and international television channels in 1991 in India, the media scenario underwent a radical change in the entertainment arena as well as the financial policies of the same. Hong-Kong based Star TV, a subsidiary of News Corporation, and CNN started broadcasting into India using the ASIAST-1 satellite. This was followed by an unprecedented and dramatic expansion of cable television. The ‘open skies policy’ under the new liberal economy suddenly exposed the Indian audience to a whole new set of cable channels from all around the world as well as from different regions of the country with their own regional languages. Hollywood films, whose views were limited to the availability of VHS cassettes and film halls, were now easily available on Star Movies and others. Therefore, the changes in the media landscape along with po licy initiatives by the state precipitated a number of changes which in turn altered the Hindi film industry in the most dramatic fashion. However, 1998 saw a landmark decision which accredited Bollywood with the status of industry which facilitated the film industry to avail financial support from the government – film industry became eligible for infrastructural and credit supports which was previously available to other industries. In addition to this, the film industry enjoyed reduction in custom duties on cinematographic film, complete exemption on export profits, and tax incentives. Changes in the Exhibition and Promotional System With the policy shifts owing to the liberalization process, single screen theatre halls were started being replaced with the multiplexes, especially in the metropolitan cities like Mumbai, Chennai, Bangalore, Delhi and Kolkata. With the sophisticated financial policies for films starting from its investment to its exhibition, the film industry became corporatized with a. development of websites for promotional activities of Bollywood films as well as the studios and the big production houses, b. aggressive marketing and promotional activities for film music, which was having a stiff competition with the newly found indie pop songs, c. incessant and aggressive campaigns of the newly released films in radio, television and other forms of media like mobile phones, d. increase in the ticket prices of the films in the multiplexes, e. the stars of the Hindi films started appearing in interviews, television shows and press meetings more than ever before, f. advertisements started endorsing the stars who became regular faces in the satellite television channels. According to Ravi Sundaram, circulation of thousands of various media objects (both old and new) in the forms of print flyers, signage, mobile phones, music cassettes and CDs, created a ‘visual frenzy’ centered around Bollywood. New Challenges for Bollywood It is true that the film industry turned into a new global Bollywood with a lot of economic and financial facilities only after the economic liberalization, but for the same open market policies cinema in India and all across the world started facing stiff challenges from other forms of media, especially television. Bollywood faced enormous pressure in every sense to maintain and attract the audiences to the film theatre from the tele-visual extravaganza. Previously the narratives were surrounded with the poverty stricken community and how a working class hero struggles to defeat the corrupt rich villains. It also accommodated the familial and community ties which proved to be more essential and core to the existence of the individual. But now Bollywood films increasingly began to depict India’s shifting relationship with the world economy through images of a hybrid relation between the national and global – there was interestingly some conscious deletion on thematic gr ounds like ‘jhoparpatti’ (slums) and struggling protagonist in poverty and community feeling more than the feeling of a responsible citizen. The new filmmaker of Bollywood started adopting thematic structures and narrative devices which are in accord with a broader audience who are exposed to international cinema, international sitcoms and a feeling of becoming a new global Indian under the happy charm of globalization – both economically and culturally. These strategies adopted by Bollywood to incorporate expanding audience tastes and desires can be best described as taking global formats equipped with updated visual styles, while localizing, adapting, appropriating, and ‘Indianizing’ theme . In this case, a term becomes central to the point of discussion – Glocalization, which is an amalgamation of globalization and localization. Structures of the newly evolved Bollywood films can be labeled as glocalization. Bollywood and the Glocal The term glocalization was first coined by Robertson in his seminal essay, ‘Glocalization: time-space and homogeneity-heterogeneity.’ In the essay, he rejects and nullifies the binaries between the global and the local, the centre and the periphery, universality and particularism as models to comprehend the phenomena of globalization. Considering these models to be inadequate, Robertson says that glocalization captures the dynamics of the local in the global and the global in the local. The theory of glocalization holds true for a phenomena like Bollywood in the era of globalization. Let us read these characteristics: a. As Robinson theorizes further, he proposes that the theory of glocalization as a way of accounting for both global and local, not as opposites but rather as ‘mutually formative, complementary competitors, feeding off each other as they struggle for influence’. Now, the polarization between the global and the local and the notion that the local undergoes a slow death under the immense pressure of the global orders does not hold true. In Bollywood films after globalization, we see a new sense of Indian nationalism has found its way – more than ground level patriotism of defeating the anti-nationalist villains, nationalism now is more of nostalgia for a motherland that the characters have left behind. Therefore, this patriotic feeling is invested in the Non Residential Indian characters in today’s films. Almost all the films produced today have their protagonists settled abroad, but are Indian to the core, or even if they are Westernized, it often becomes t he point of conflict in the film which finds its resolution in the national values and traditions of the native nation. An important term vehemently used in academics in this regard is ‘Diaspora’, which means the movement, migration, or scattering of people away from an established homeland. b. The very idea of glocalization has been attacked by many theorists for being apolitical in nature and being without any teeth or resistance to the sinister forces of globalization. The same dictum goes for Bollywood as it is an industry to cater to a wide audience ever more to generate profit. Going by this logic, there has been a deliberation by the Bollywood industry to shift its focus from one kind of target audience to the other kind – the target groups have shifted from the rural and urban lower, lower-middle and middle class to the necessarily urban upper and middleclass with special emphasis on the NRIs. But a simplistic critic of Bollywood will not be sufficient to understand the operatives and the cultural ramifications. Bollywood in the globalized context calls for an overall understanding of the global-local nexus and viewing glocalization as a mode of resistance as well as accommodation. According to many scholars, firstly, the new Bollywood has become a site of reconfiguration of locality and local subjects in the newly evolved cultural dimension under the economic liberalization. Secondly it served as an accounting for the new cultural trends and forms emerging at the intersections of the global and the local. Thirdly, it is also a mode of countering the frequently expressed fear of homogenization which becomes a part and parcel of the global flows of labor, culture or capitals. Lastly, Bollywood has become a recognition of the fact that when new ideas, objects, audio-visuals, spacial dimensions, social crisis, practices and performances are transplanted to another space, they bear the marks of history as well as undergo a process of cultural, political and ideological transcreations. In cinema, with the continuous production of global images of Indian residents, these different images, ideas and meanings attain faith and dependence on the highly varied local space s. Fashion, Location, Music, Choreography and Language – the Global Desi Bollywood Global Fashion, Local Sensibilities Not until the year of economic liberalization, India started being recognized as one of the most important fashion destinations of the world. Dresses were always being designed by the fashion designers for the Bollywood stars, but only recently have clothes become signed artifacts, and Bollywood styles and fashions become themselves separately marketable. Since liberalization, international fashion magazines like Verve, Vogue, and Elle publish Indian editions feature glossy photographs of Bollywood stars and models with various merchandising objects and designer dresses. The newly emerging fashion designers like Sabyasachi Mukherjee, Manish Malhotra, Wendell Rodricks, Ritu Kumar, Ritu Beri and many others had started participating in the most important international fashion shows at Berlin, Venice, New York and Rome became huge names in Bollywood. 1990s, especially the later part of the decade saw a shift in the way film costumes and clothes were being designed and produced. Indian v iewers were no more secluded into Doordarshan anymore, and hence the satellite television network threw a plethora of glitz, glamour and notions of beauty was undergoing a rapid change among the masses. Therefore, filmmakers started believing that emphasis on fashion is imperative in a successful marketing of Bollywood film. According Wilkinson-Weber, who has done extensive investigation into Indian fashion, notes Indian styles in film have themselves been subject to a fashion reinterpretation, contemporary designers have incorporated both their own designs, and designer label clothes from international markets into the looks they create for their actors. It is interesting to note that earlier in Hindi films of the 70s till the late 80s, there used to be a vamp, the ‘fallen’ woman, who would lead an immoral life and was supposed to be a violation of the traditional beliefs of India. These vamps personified the urban and modern tastes of society and ‘the temptations and corruptions of anti-Indianess where being Indian meant identifying with, and committing to, constructions of tradition and virtue. This is the woman who would wear revealing dresses, and almost all the designer dresses with innovative fashion statements including fashion accessories and make ups were invested on this character. But with liberalization the tradition was ‘won’ by the fashion world, we see that there is no necessity of these vamps who would exhibit the fashionable dresses. Instead of the vamps, the new Bollywood heroines became the site of the sensual body to exhibit a host of fashion materials. These materials are not only limited to Western flamboyant designs, but also includes expensive traditional wears like lehngaas and sarees. India embraced the global trends and reinvented its traditional culture with the irresistible waves of globalization and soon Bollywood became more cosmopolitan than the other regional language films. Western clothing was no more a sign of anti-Indianness and was no longer marginalized by the audience. Bollywood Space and its Hybridity Globalization, in other words, is a world economic integration, hastened by global treaties and transnational organizations such as WTO. This economic network has facilitated the functioning of a market-driven and advertiser supported consumption in an unprecedented scale. Immigration facilities, cheap air tickets and facilitation of infrastructural support for Bollywood in foreign lands allowed easy mobility in travel and tourism among the bourgeoning Indian middleclass as well as the Indian film crews. Not only the shooting became easy in foreign locations, it served a two-fold function to satisfy the desires of the two broad ranges of Bollywood audience – the first and the most lucrative film business is done in foreign lands, therefore the NRIs became the prime target for the films so that they can relate themselves with the known landscapes with Indian oneness on the screen; the second, now less important, being the Indian audience whose desire and longing for a picture p erfect and almost an ‘ideal state’ could be fulfilled on the screen with the exotic spaces of desire they can seldom visit. Moreover, the Indian government does not put any major tax on profits generated in foreign currencies which an Indian can bring home. This was a huge advantage for Bollywood for overseas business. The popular location shootings at Kashmir, Ooty and Shimla soon changed to the Swiss Alps, London and New York. In Karan Johar’s multi star-cast film, Kabhi Khushi Kabhi Ghum, one might notice that in a single song sequence Shahrukh Khan and Kajol were in Delhi, Switzerland, Cairo, and London. But shifts in cinematic locations have the tendency to create a sense of placelessness, even homelessness and alienation. While audiences recognize the allure of foreign locations, they also feel some loss and dissolution of long-held identities associated with spaces. But although there are these shifts in location, it does not delude its audience as the meanings of narratives remain irreducibly fixed to local meanings with local stories constantly revisited and even reinvented. These foreign locations, whether it is Mahesh Manjrekar’s Kaante, Karan Johar’s Kabhi Alvida Na Kehna or Kal Ho Na Ho, Rakesh Roshan’s Kaho Na Pyar Hain or Farhan Akhtar’s Dil Chahta Hain or Don, Bollywood films are always domesticated with Bollywood stars who speak in Hindi in foreign lands or for that matter we can hardly see any native of the foreign land making an entry in the actual story line. The international settings do not confer the fact that the local crisis or the local cultures will find its way in the Bollywood narratives unlike Hollywood. On the contrary, these foreign spaces will be necessarily Indianized and beautiful exotic locations become a part of the world the globalized Indians inhabit. No matter wherever the place might be, Bollywood will be always telling a story about an Indian girl and a boy and an Indian family with their entire traditional ramifications held intact. Bollywood responds to both global and local imperatives by exporting Indianness to exoticized backdrops. Music Hindi cinema is known for its music, not as an integral part of the narrative or the story line, but as a separate entity. According to noted filmmaker, Shyam Benegal: For Indian films, for their very sustenance, songs are very important. But that is because for any kind of Indian entertainment, particularly community entertainment, music and songs were essential features. But songs in an Indian film does not make it a musical. In India film, songs interrupt, sometimes they are part of a story†¦they are interludes. Hindi film songs were dominated by mushaira, ghazal, and qawali traditions with emphasis on Indian Classical Music. Songs were composed in the traditional Indian technique – based on ragas and tunes which were accorded to the Urdu lyric poems and traditional Hindi language. One thing should be noted here is that unlike the West, which thrives on a history of rich visual culture, Indian tradition thrives on an aural culture and therefore songs become an integral part of any representation. Globalized Bollywood adheres to the primacy of song and dance per se, and also to the function of the musical parts within the film as spaces of displaying sexual fantasies and a situation of eroticized communication. But the way in which the Hindi film music is composed now (based on chords rather than ragas as was the case previously) and packaged has undergone a huge change – instead of the classical base, most of the music has shifted to groovy hip-hops and incorporated various for ms of popular and rock arrangements. The reason seems to be very interesting, as Bollywood film music industry faced a big challenge in the 1990s with the advent of the newly found Indie popular music with the likes of bands like Silk Route and Euphoria, and individual stars like Lucky Ali, Kay Kay and a host of talented artists. As mentioned earlier, globalization has made Bollywood more corporatized and aggressive marketing strategies became its key areas to achieve financial success. These independent artists were appropriated by Bollywood – firstly to crush the competition and obliterate the threat of an unprecedented challenge put forward by the indie pop culture, but also to enrich film music with the inputs of these new trends and innovation of a music industry nurtured outside the film world. Language Globalized Bollywood has also witnessed a metamorphosis in the arena of spoken language. Usage of English has become more obvious than Hindi colloquial itself. Since independence the influence of Persian and Urdu was prominent in Hindi films. But globalization turned the spoken language into a hybrid one – a mix of Hindi and English. This trend was even reflected in the titles of the films which released after the 90s. This hybrid language has become the most common trend among the urban youth which has been infested to and by the plethora of glocal culture in satellite television channels which runs 24*7 in every household in India. Madhav Prasad in his essay ‘This thing called Bollywood’ finds out that the nationalist ideology of India was held together historically by a metalanguage which could properly articulate one nationalist sentiment. Prasad argues that in a globalized India, English provides the ideological coordinates of the new world of Bollywood films. According to him, English phrases and proverbs are liberally used to construct a web of discourse which the characters inhabit. Choreography An overlooked arena in Bollywood is the field of choreography. Through the ages, Bollywood choreography has gained considerable amount of sophistication and respect. This has also its influence drawn from the satellite television programs on dance competitions like Boogie Woogie and international and national music videos in channels belonging to a multinational corporation who gained their access in India only after globalization. Choreography in Hindi films, which was taken just as a time pass and was taken in the least serious way by the viewers, suddenly became a spectacle with huge investments and taking highly skilled artists and chorographers as item numbers. Another change that had taken place in globalized Bollywood films is a matter of a far more serious and economic concern – the accompanying dancers in Hindi films used to belong to the groups of junior artists, most of whom were from lower middle-class and slum areas. But suddenly this changed with Subhash Ghaiâ₠¬â„¢s Taal, which introduced the famous dancer Shyamak Davar and his group which replacing the former setting of junior artists as dancers. Accompanying dancers in contemporary Bollywood evolved from junior artists to highly skilled and upper class professional dancers, courtesy to a number of modern dancing schools. This has further evolved to foreign dance troops who come as packages with other facilities when a Bollywood film is shot abroad. Since the early 1990s, there has been an explosion in the number of foreign women dancers who are used as extras for the song and dance sequences in films (Mumbai film industry’s demand for foreign dancers has brought a large number of women from Eastern Europe and Russia). Since 1960, Hindi films’ nationalism through the role of women represented Western women as primarily ‘immoral and sexually accessible to the Indian male’ and as embodiment of unbridled sexuality. The trend is still continuing today and the value judgment of women based on their sexuality and chastity is immensely significant for the audience. Indian viewers recognize the influx of these foreign women into the song and dance sequences and equate their presence with overt sexualization of film choreography. As V.Lal puts it in his essay ‘The Impossibility of the Outsider in Modern Hindi film’, over sexualization of song and dance may create a cultural threat and anxiety, but such tensions are appeased with a logic that the ‘foreign’ backup dancers can be ‘sexy’ but the ‘Indian’ heroines and heroes have to maintain the decorum of modesty and tradition. Globalization has made song sequences a site of absolute and flawless pleasure, but seldom have we talked about the particular class of junior artists, who are perished under the new liberalization aesthetics. However, maintaining the tradition-modernity and sober-obscene construct of the Bollywood notions in accord with its audience has become a conventional practice with the Indian heroines gearing up in both Western and traditional attires and participating in the same choreography with the ‘other’ cultural representations through the white women (both blonde and brunette) who wear revealing dresses and symbolize sexual ecstasy. It is of course a niche created by the globalized Bollywood according to G. Gangoly in his essay ‘Sexuality, Sensuality, and Belonging: Representations of the Anglo-Indian and the Western Women in Hindi Cinema’. It is a curious fact that the integration of MTVization, especially the beach party reality shows like Grind and due to new trends in advertisements with star endorsements has further eased the tension of this stance of traditional sanctity in contemporary Bollywood films. Heroines are more global than ever, sexually more liberated than the previous years and the women characters are gaining more independence in terms of economic and social structure as the space of unfolding of the narrative is mostly New York, London or any other first world city. We see the evolution of super stars like Katrina Kaif, whose very presence reminds us that our women of desire in cinema is an Indian who exhibit and combine the beauties and characteristics of a white woman too. Globalization has embraced Bollywood cinema not to impose the global cultures in the Indian terrain neither to challenge the cultural archetypes, nor to question the nationalist feelings into jeopardy. On the contrary, the national image and the desire of the nation as an emerging global power under the umbrella of the United States is reconfigured and consolidated in a new way. Bollywood through its films have invested a vision of portraying itself to the world as a global superpower, not from the military point of view, but as a highly skilled and updated human resource tank whose representations are manifested through the protagonists and their friends inside, and mostly outside the country. But this is not the only agenda that Bollywood has – the cultural ramifications and re-endorsements of the familial emotions along with the Non-residential Indian community feelings are of prime importance. As Bourden points out, with the changes in media production, consumption, and ex hibition, ‘locality is produced as one’s sense of difference from the global, but the new locality is no longer a spontaneous expression of given, long-held local traditions. Glocalization has helped Bollywood not only to link the spaces far and broad stretching to different continents, but also to invent the localities which are hybrid in nature, but national in culture. An Indian audience in contemporary times aspires to be a global citizen, and Bollywood becomes a key cultural impetus through which global is constructed locally just as the local is constructed globally. 3. OBJECTIVE i. To understand the cultural ramifications of the terms ‘globalization’ and what we understand as ‘Bollywood’ in particular reference to Mumbai (previously Bombay) film industry. ii. To understand the various impacts of globalization on Hindi films not resulting in mutation of the Hindi film cultural but a new coexistence of hybridity. iii. To trace the impact of the new ‘glocal’ or hybrid culture on various aspects of Hindi popular cinema challenged by the ever changing Indian media under globalization. 4. SUMMARY With the new market liberalization policies, Indian media scenario underwent a rapid change in the way it reached to its audience. Waves of change in the Indian media industry penetrated into the Hindi film industry as well. This marked a departure of the Hindi popular cinema from the way it operated in the eighties and deliberately changed the way its ways both as an industry and as a commercial product as well. Hindi popular cinema, preferably termed as Bollywood, under the new global ethics became international in production and global in consumption, at the sometime maintaining and reiterating facets of what we may call Indian culture (mostly limited to the upper caste Hindu North Indian culture). This may be termed as ‘glocalization’ which means global ideas with local stories. The new Bollywood also came with the over-arching presence of the NRIs who gained importance in the new Bollywood of globalization. With the overseas business and opportunity of this certainl y influenced and changed the way in which Hindi popular incorporated locations, songs, choreography and a number merchandizing items starting from fashion, accessories to other commercial products. FAQs: 1. As a term, has Bollywood got anything to do with Hollywood? Bollywood as a term is a mixture of ‘Bombay’, the earlier name of Mumbai and Hollywood. Linking the mainstream Hindi film industry with the name of the world’s biggest film industry not only become a feeling of pride but also a tribute to the artists and technicians of Hollywood for the dexterity of work. 2. If globalization is an economic aspect, why does it influence the cultural aspect as is the case with Bollywood? As already mentioned, if we follow the classical Marxist approach, most of the times the shift in the economic base influences shifts in other aspects of life – i.e. a shift in the base inevitably influences a shift in the superstructure – the structure which is placed above the base. Hence, any cultural aspect is bound to be influenced if the economic base undergoes a shift. Therefore, with the change of the nature of the market, a commercial industry like Bollywood has to respond to the market ethics and hence has to change itself accordingly. 3. What is culture industry? Culture Industry as a term was coined by the Marxists Theodore Adorno and Max Horkheimer belonging to the Frankfurt School. The original essay is known as Culture Industry: Enlightenment as Mass Deception†, of the book Dialectic of Enlightenment (1944), where they proposed that the all the representations of popular culture including radio, print television and a part of cinema are produced and reproduced standardized cultural goods just like any other manufactured good coming out of the factory whose only objective is nothing philosophical and eclectic, but generating capital. 4. How is Bollywood considered to be a culture industry? A lot of scholars refer this term to Bollywood because Bollywood is a mainstream commercial industry whose objective is also profit generation, which is more than ever in the era of globalization. 5. Why does Bollywood invest so much on narratives related to NRIs? NRIs, or non-residential Indians have gained primacy in films as characters and as audience primarily to generate a market in the overseas. It has been a trend after globalization because the restrictions and taxes which were there previously in overseas business is eased to great extent and hence the profit generation of the new Bollywood films have been easier than before. 6. Why does Bollywood shifted from the pan-Indian audience to a more specific target group of the urban elites? As India is often been imagined as a developing country, there has been a trend of converting each and every class, whether rural or urban, into ideal consumers. Logic of consumption is best found in the urban areas where products, goods and services of all levels are readily available. Moreover, the logic of development in most of the cases have become the process of expansion of urban areas where the rural population is fast being converted into urban ones. Hence, Bollywood cinema is akin to this development and the new rural-converted-urban populace has started finding meaning in the new Bollywood. Therefore, with the influx of so many products and goods, targeting the urban elite will actually incorporate the fast transforming rural population into the same group. 7. In spite of having a lot of songs, why does a Hindi film never become a musical genre? If we pay attention to the cultural history of India, it will be clear that the India has rich heritage in aural culture, unlike the visual one of the West. hence the cultural rendering of a song or ,music piece in the West is entirely different from that of the Indian subjects. so, in spite of inclusion of a number of songs into films, the film is never been perceived as a musical genre. 8. If India has accepted globalization, why do the Hindi films stick to traditional elements? Globalization has hardly anything to do with modernity or tradition. Rather, if we consider glocalization as a valid point which has a deep effect on the film industry, globalization will inspire us into exploring the new markets and plethora of products has to offer and at the same time clinging on to the roots of tradition (to the extent of discovering and rediscovering them in a new way). So more the NRIs will feature with all the elements of Western culture, more facets of traditional inputs will visible in the image reproduction of Bollywood. 9. In spite of shooting at locations far off from the homeland, the characters of the Hindi films never feel alienated and homeless. Why? Because Hindi films never involve its characters, plots and other elements with the foreign ones. Although the locales are away from home, the ethics, morality and sentiments remain Indian to the core. 10. Why is it so that the Bollywood had been forced to change itself after globalization? With the advent of open market policies, Indian media saw the rise of various television channels including film channels where the audience for the first time could watch all the films just sitting back at home. Bollywood had to turn to newer ways to attract the Indian audience who are suddenly facing the pleasures of the satellite channels, not only in terms of its production quality, but also its marketing policies.

Alzheimers Disease Essay - 1479 Words

Alzheimer’s Disease Imagine waking up one morning and you cannot remember where you are or your own child’s name. This could be a direct sign that you or a family member has Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimer’s disease is a form of dementia, which means that it affects certain functions of the brain such as memory, logic, and everyday bodily functions. This disease was first described by a doctor named Alois Alzheimer in 1906. He discovered unusual growths of fibers in the brains of woman that had died from an unusual mental illness (National Institute, 1995). Many people do not realize how severe this disease really is. These people also do not realize how much of a risk there is of developing the disease. Four million people†¦show more content†¦A few years ago, I went to Thanksgiving dinner at my grandmother’s house. My whole family knew that my great aunt had Alzheimer’s, but no one knew how bad it had gotten. My aunt and I always had great conversations about life, but when I went to say â€Å"hello† to her, she did not even know my name. She could hardly remember anybody’s name, and we were all her closest family. What made things look even worse was half way through dinner she remembered my name, only to say, â€Å"Noah can you pass the mashed potatoes?† About two minutes later, she had once again forgotten my name. Believe it or not this disease gets even worse. People with Alzheimer’s can eventually start forgetting to do their everyday tasks such as brushing their teeth, combing their hair, and a person can even forget when to go to the bathroom. After a while, a person may need 24 hour a day care. Many times a spouse or an offspring will take the job of a patient’s caretaker. The job of the caregiver is a very tolling one. This person needs to totally devote him of her self to the job. Shenk (2001 p. 15) interviewed a caregiver, who stated, â€Å"She needs to be watched every second, as she wants to go home and has attempted to walk there many times. Of course ‘home’ is always in a different place, depending on where her memory of herShow MoreRelatedAlzheimers Disease945 Words   |  4 PagesAlzheimer’s Disease Alzheimer’s Disease is a progressive neurological disease; it often attacks the brain tissues causing memory loss of one’s identity and regular behaviors. Statistics indicates that the rate of predicted people to get Alzheimer’s will increase briskly as time goes on. There are currently no cures for such disastrous disease, but there are currently approved treatments available that can help people within the early stages of Alzheimer’s. Once the disease is too far alongRead MoreAlzheimers Disease3170 Words   |  13 PagesThe Role of Caregiving to Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease Megan Zann April 27, 2012 Health Psychology Dr. Ackerman Introduction It is normal to periodically forget your keys or a homework assignment, because you generally remember these things later. However, individuals who suffer from Alzheimer’s disease may forget things more often, but they do not remember them again. The incidence of Alzheimer’s disease has dramatically increased because people are living longer. This is a result ofRead MoreEssay on Alzheimers Disease1503 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Alzheimer’s disease is a form of dementia that gets worse over time. It leads to nerve cell death, and tissue loss throughout the brain. Over time, the brain shrinks dramatically, affecting nearly all its functions. It gradually destroys a persons memory and ability to learn and carry out daily activities such as talking, eating, and going to the bathroom† (What Is Alzheimer’s). Early symptoms include personality changes, memory impairment, problems with language, decision-making ability, judgmentRead MoreAlzheimers Dis ease Essay2414 Words   |  10 PagesAlzheimers Disease Alzheimer’s disease is the disease of the century. This disease is affecting many lives, families, and caregivers. This research presented is to help educate on the topic of Alzheimer’s disease, which many people aren’t aware enough about. Statistics are given to show how extreme this disease is, and how many people it’s affecting in society. Also statistics are presented that give the amount of money being spent relating to Alzheimer’s disease. This research explainsRead MoreAlzheimer’s Disease Essay2544 Words   |  11 PagesAlzheimer’s disease defined: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive, terminal, degenerative brain disease. It is the fourth leading cause of death in adults and currently affects over four million people in the United States. This number is expected to increase over the next several years as the baby boomers age, until it reaches fourteen million by the year 2025. Alzheimer disease generally occurs in people over seventy five years of age; however it does strike people in their forties, fiftiesRead MoreEssay on Alzheimers Disease2405 Words   |  10 PagesAlzheimers Disease is a condition that affects 50% of the population over the age of eighty five, which equals four million Americans each year. It is becoming an important and high-profile issue in todays society for everyone. There are rapid advancements being made in the fight against this disease now more than ever, and the purpose of this essay is to educate the public on the background as well as the new discoveries. There are many new drugs that are being tested and studied every day whichRead MoreEssay on Alzheimers Disease813 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Topic: Alzheimer’s Disease Specific Purpose: To help my audience understand what Alzheimer’s Disease is. Thesis Statement: The need to educate people on Alzheimer’s Disease for family members or friends in-case a loved one is diagnosed. Introduction: A. What would one do if their family member or friend knew of someone who was diagnosed with Alzheimer’s Disease? What would they do to help or take care of this family member? Well, I work in a nursing home with the elderly with this diseaseRead MoreAlzheimers Disease Essay2168 Words   |  9 PagesAlzheimer’s disease or AD is an incurable disorder of the brain that results in loss of normal brain structure and function. In an AD brain, normal brain tissue is slowly replaced by structures called plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. The plaques represent a naturally occurring sticky protein called beta amyloid and in an Alzheimer’s brain, sufferer’s tend to accumulate too much of this protein. Neurofibrillary tangles represent collapsed tau proteins which, in a normal brain along with microtubulesRead MoreEssay on Alzheimers Disease 512 Words   |  3 Pagesmajor medical advancements like the world has never seen before, some diseases still continue t o plague the human race and confuse even some of the brightest scientists today. Unfortunately, Alzheimer Disease (AD) is one of them and it affects between 2.4 and 4.5 million people in America. Alzheimer’s is usually diagnosed in people over the age of 65, but in rarer cases people as young as 16 have it. Since it is a degenerative disease, patients develop it with few symptoms at an earlier stage, but thenRead More Alzheimer’s Disease Essay1176 Words   |  5 PagesAlzheimer’s Disease Alzheimer’s Disease is a disease of the future. With the growing aged population, this disease, which affects primarily the elderly, will become of increasing relevance to the medical profession. Also, the high frequency of Alzheimer’s, and the high cost in labor, money, and material of caring for its victims shall put considerable burden on the society as a whole. Here, however, these issues are not going to be debated. Instead the pathology of Alzheimer’s will be reviewed

The Patriot Act Impact On America - 1428 Words

Introduction: When an incident occurs the government and public react in various has changed the mind set of many Americans. Terrorism on the rise around the world made government officials to take proper precautions and changes in protocol. Our nation attempted to prepare for the worse scenarios. Events of 9/11 shocked most citizens and government officials. In response President Bush signed the Patriot Act, however since provisions expired later President Obama had to reactivate the Patriot Act. Most citizens were unaware of reaction from our government. The Patriot Act impacted of America, the Director of National Intelligence, and the agencies that report directly towards the DNI. Topic I : Patriot Act impact in America A. Anti-terrorism Prevention B. Civil Liberties C. Media , Journalism , and Libraries Topic: II. Director of National Intelligence. A. Duties as a Director of National Intelligence. B. Previous Directors of National Intelligence. C. Director of National Intelligence Clapper. Topic III : Agencies that are effected by the Patriot Act. A. FBI B. CIA C. National Security Agency* Topic I: A. Anti – terrorism prevention The incident of 9/11 many are aware of were acts of terrorism. A popular conception were focused on hatred toward western culture. A more enforced law could be the solution for future attacks. Law enforcement and government efforts to protect citizens from terrorism is essential. Innocent people around theShow MoreRelatedImpact of the Usa Patriot Act on Local Law Enforcement1282 Words   |  6 PagesImpact of the USA Patriot Act on Local Law Enforcement Teddilane Turner PSF8200 Advanced Research in Public Safety Issues, Theory, and Concepts This paper presents the topic selected for the final Public Safety Case Analysis Project, an overview of the USA Patriot Act, its impact on local law enforcement, and the potential for net widening. Congress reacted to the violation to our country on September 11, 2001 by passing the USA Patriot Act into law on October 26, 2001. (USA PatriotRead More The Patriot Ac Does NOT Violate Constitutional Rights Essay1213 Words   |  5 Pagesare given some rights as well as responsibilities, and the United States of America is no exception. The Constitution (US Const) of the USA as well as the first ten amendments, also known as â€Å"Bill of Rights†, defines the framework of it. It is a supreme law that defines how Federal Government works. Shortly after the September 11th 2001 terrorist attacks, the US congress enacted a law, commonly known as The Patriot Act. This law enlarges the power of government and administration allowing themRead MoreBiology1015 Words   |  5 Pagesfunctions. The acts of September 11, know as 9\11 made the government look at things differently. 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Very beneficial to the United States, the Patriot Act provides easier access for different government lawRead Moreâ€Å"There’s no one here yet and the floor’s completely engulfed, we’re on the floor and we can’t800 Words   |  4 PagesSeptember 11TH. For many years, Arab and Arab-Americans are one of the most stereotyped in America. Many of t hese stereotypes have been created by events that have happened throughout history. Stereotypes are an image of a particular type of person or thing. Events in history, such as the September 11th terrorist attacks, the Patriot act, and the Iranian hostage crisis, have perpetuated a negative image for Arabs in America. Arabic culture refers to â€Å"Arab Countries† of Western Asia, and North Africa, fromRead MoreThe US Patriot Act1038 Words   |  4 Pages Citizens of America began to ponder if some of their rights and liberties should be sacrificed to prevent such an attack in the future. National unity took over the country and Americans bonded and held each other up. They stood up in the face of terrorism and the Presidents approval rating soared through the roof (from 54% to nearly a whooping 86% which is the highest level it has ever been). Sadly, the American public rallied behind the Government and provided support for an Act that will comeRead MoreUse Of Securitisation Theory And Documentary Analysis1023 Words   |  5 Pagesdefeated by any means necessary. Libertarians in the United States (U.S.) believe that surveillance with the aim of protection against terrorism has gone too far, however this paper disagrees and argues that whilst the powers granted by the USA PATRIOT Act wer e abused, the actions of the Bush Administration were justified. National security has been a key priority and important value for American citizens since the Constitution in 1787. This paper will use a typical dictionary definition of nationalRead MoreThe American Revolution : The King Of America Essay1659 Words   |  7 Pagessome, is the King of America? I ll tell you, Friend† In striving for a deeper understanding of what led to the American Revolution, we first have to ask what persuaded those residing in America to adopt the patriot ideals that ultimately led to the separation from the King of Britain and form an independent society on â€Å"British lands.† These patriot ideals are exhibited within Common Sense, a political piece favored by the media. Within this document Paine expresses the patriots fear of the tyrannousRead MoreThe Crisis of the British Empire Essay1260 Words   |  6 Pagesgain control over the Ohio River fur trade, the North American French colonies in alliance with the American Indians attacked British troops along the western frontier. The war ended in 1763, forcing France and Spain to cede their regions of North America to the British empire (namely, Canada and Florida). This acquisition and the resulting withdrawal of Spanish troops weakened the escaped slaves defense in refugee camps stationed in the Florida bayous. By 1768, the British parliament hadRead MoreUSA Patriot Act Essay1210 Words   |  5 PagesSeptember 11th 2001, technology has had an even greater impact on the field of justice studies. Rapidly advancing technology has made surveillance cheaper and easier to conceal. Tools such as wiretapping, surveillance for e-mails, and other forms of surveillance tools that were before a violation of peoples right to privacy, are now allowed to be used without probable cause. These tools now allow the FBI to find terrorists before they commit their act of violence. These surveillance tools that are now

Leadership Vs. Authoritative Leadership - 1455 Words

Throughout history, there have been many significant movements and revolutions by people under a strong leader. These societies have been under the influence of many distinct types of leaders. Effective leadership is defined in various ways as some focus on fear and power, while others believe strong leaders focus on respect and propriety. This brings up the argument of collaborative leadership versus authoritative leadership. Authoritative leaders are those who ignore the viewpoints of their followers and lack trust in them while collaborative leaders work with their followers and listen to their ideas. Reminiscing on leaders throughout history all over the world, it is clear that leaders that are collaborative with their followers are generally the most effective and successful. Allowing people to solve problems and perform certain tasks on their own merely with guidance is key to being an effective leader. George S. Patton-- one of the most highly regarded generals in World War II-- stated, â€Å"Don’t tell people how to do things, tell them what to do and let them surprise you with their results.† Patton did not constantly give his soldiers specific orders, but instead provided them with a plan and allowed them figure out how to approach the situation. This is a superb leadership tactic because it allows people to learn on their own and develop a greater understanding of the situation. Patton’s collaborative leadership strategy also benefited his relationship with hisShow MoreRelatedParticipative Vs. Directive Leadership1181 Words   |  5 Pagesend-of-year estimate for 2015 (U.S. Division, 2016). With the population this large, it would be difficult to say that leadership in organizations do not need to take this into account when tr ying to communicate effectively within their teams. 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Discovering Prevailing Study Regarding Marketing †Free Samples

Question: How To The Discovering The Prevailing Study Regarding Marketing? Answer: Introduction Square Group appears to be the domestic corporation of Bangladesh that originated its voyage by starting the Square Pharmacy in the form of the association company in 1958. As stated by the ROMANOWSKI (2009) that its continuation of time, the firm has appeared to be the most preferred domestic association that is exhibiting their uncontrolled journey along with other apprehensions with the Square Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd. The Square anxieties are Square beverage food Ltd, square textiles, square toiletries ltd, square agro development and many others of its dimensions. Their teen shampoo has appeared to be the most preferred product among the youth and teenagers for discontinuing the hair problems they have been dealing with. As it can be clearly understood that the teenagers, hence, do not use the children products the product for the teenagers are made separately. The explanation can also work same for children, as they cant use the teenagers products. Therefore, there are sepa rate products available for children in the market. In this firm there is the production of the teen shampoo that consists of every efficient components regarding teenagershair. The formulation of this shampoo goes through the frequent investigation as well as growth. Marketing plans and objectives The marketing aims can be following: To suggest how to conquer the hurdles, which a fresh good faces. To seek for the hurdles regarding the introduction of fresh good. To make trademark positioning of the teen shampoo. To discover performance of the teen shampoo with regarding to the crucial goods features. To recognize the user buying aspect regarding the teen shampoo. To recognize the trademark and its features according to the choices. To invent the effective goods introduction marketing plans regarding teen shampoo. Purpose: To benefit users recognition as the most crucial and significant asset as well as thus applying each attempts to recognize users vibrant needs for facilitating the company in providing the complete contentment. To provide user goods at the considerable rates through firmly keeping the inflexible posture along with the excellence. By the regular research and development as well as the modernization, the company endeavours to product their goods observing according to the global excellence levels. To keep the pleasant performance surrounding for creating and growing the crucial positive feature of the STL its user. And to follow regarding the extreme standard of executives encouragement and the contentment. To genuinely support the liability regarding the society as well as the administration together with the greatest moral levels and to create each attempt for the communal order devoid of the illegal activity, anti-atmospheric aspects, corruptive and unethical dealings. Branding choices With reference to Anon (2015) that there exist various explanations regarding the branding. With regards to the experts, branding appears to be the marketing activity of structuring the name, logo, pattern that recognizes as well as separate goods by other goods. Successful assortment of the applicable trade mark components that create the brand suitable and admired. Marketers select the brand component to structure the brand fairness as far as achievable. The distinctive brand components are name, symbol, label or slogan, figures, shades, audios, scents, choices, link, tune, wrapping, etc. There exist six measures for selecting the brand components. The measures are: Ability to be remembered Senseful Agreeable Movable Flexible Feasible Threats Regular trademark changing trend prevailing between the youth. Popular among the youth goods that are being buyed through the pocket money expensing. With the conclusion as well as no constant budget direction. Elevating the international rate and the extreme import taxes. Developing competition. Communication mix of Teen Shampoo The Teen Shampoo might contain the component that might assure the hair development at the best standard. By valuable study of Roberts (2015) that earlier than the introducing of the goods, the goods stay the secret. As the conclusion, the components of the shampoo may not be revealed in this study. The level formulation is keeping at the time of the regular good growth in the labs. There prevail significantly eight crucial types of the marketing integration mix, which emerges to be the subsequent: Product the Teen shampoo seems to comprise the components that will assure the hair development at the most favourable standard. Earlier than introducing the product, the good manufacturing stays classified. As the conclusion, the components in the shampoo might not get revealed in this study. A level of manufacturing is the keeping it at the time of the regular good improvement at the workplace. As it is recognized that this shampoo is not the harmless one, the components might comprise various fruits parts such as apple and many other fruit parts. Depending on the resulting study, it can be recommended that there are few organic components regarding the supposed outcomes. Olive oil appears to be one of the crucial elements that can easily fix the harmed hair and resulting it to look cultivated naturally. Other effective element emerges to be almond oil that helps in softening the hair. Citrus seems to be eliminating out the dandruff through the hairs. With the soya and ginseng, th e hairs can get to be energized and decrease the hairfall. Price - Price appears to be playing the significant role for drawing, protecting and preserving users. With consideration to the price factor, several aspects are impacting the cost configuration as well as there are various forms of pricing process. In case of Teen Shampoo, the value depending costing is applied by the STL. Value depending pricing appears to be the pricing plan that denotes the cost of the good is depending on the worth it makes. The idea following the plan is ?disburse for activity. With regards to the Teen Shampoos suggestion it might extreme worth between the users and therefore the cost can be established. Depending on the rivals cost, price must be established. As it can be recognized that every branded teenager shampoos cost will not be identical. Additionally, as the various fruits and herbal extracts that can be included approached cost must be 10% extra than the frequent shampoos in the industry. It appears to be completely predictable to explain that the p rice of the element as well as other linked price that seems to be playing the crucial role in establishing the cost of the product. Place - As the location appears to be very easy that denotes the user can conveniently seek to get the goods by applying little effort. As STL might introduce the Teen Shampoo in the urban regions in the advanced town, it might assure the shampoo within the crucial stores that are situated across the towns through their merchants as well as sales executive. Additionally, online purchases seem to be most preferred with the current time; STL can locate their shampoo in the internet shopping. In the possessed internet shopping platform can assure the moreover marketing. Promotion - Promotion seems to be the interaction generally in the industries the marketing interactions that are made for the precise aimed customer. The aimed customer displays their assistance at the time when the customer seems to be manipulated through the interactions. Packaging By the valuable recommendation of Peterson (2014) that packaging seems to be playing the crucial regarding any goods either it is for the child, male, adult, female or it can be unisex good. Wrapping appear to be the primary disclosure for the users regarding any goods. Innovative and attractive wrapping makes the demand for purchasing any good. Through the producer or retailer side, it can also make the separation through the rivals providing. Packaging of the Teen Shampoo trademark throughout the globe With exclusive recommendation of Ahamed (2015) Packaging regarding the youth shampoos over the global also depicts that the wrapping is the quite significant aspect for affecting the young users to choose the teen shampoo through the self. Unilevers brand Sedal appears to be most prominent in the teen shampoo industry. As recognized, Sedal do not exist in Bangladesh. The wrapping of the Sedal seems to be quite striking as well as it is completely youth logo look. There were too few youths shampoos throughout the globe and each of them were really aware regarding their wrapping pattern as well as look. Boxs figure, various letters as well as the quite significantly shade mixture that can create the wrapping more pleasing and suitable. There exist few natural shampoo bars that can declare, which dont contain any dangerous chemicals such as frequent Shampoo. There exist various Shampoo Bars regarding various hair forms. Fascinatingly such shampoo bars might not contain the scrupulous wr apping. The various shades of packaging designs can be their strategy. The packaging regarding Teen Shampoo it must also be striking and it must be connected along with the youth logos. In the box, using of neon shades and impact might provide the attractive glow at the time of the dark as well as it is supposed that it can please the youth. Recommendations It is essential to choose the trademark picture of logo that can be accepted as the male brand or female brand. Whether it can be recognized as the good for both the gender, it might expand the space of chances to execute trades rather it can be assumed following to the organizing the wide study of the user aspect as well as their purchasing format of the youth. Formulation regarding the teen shampoo seems to contain the herbal association or fruit extracts; hence, the users can depend on the ingredients and formulation. It can be supported with the literature of Anas (2013) Each and every shampoo appears to be less or more devised in the identical form in which few elements are same. Whether the STLs research and development can emerge with the modernization in the formulation in shampoo together with the risk-free elements, users will depend on the goods. Trademark traits structuring should be executed in the form that cannot be simulated through the other firms from the international firms suitably. Original trademark character that may structure the original organization together with the users that might assist to make the everlasting connection with users and STL. Fame sponsorship can improve the trademark acceptance between the real as well as possible purchasers rather when the works of the trademark executed among the actual and potential buyers but if the activities of the brand executes on the efficient expense various plans can be implemented. With regarding to sponsoring the famous persons, the common youth can be helpful in implementing in making and widening the industrial interaction in which the youth age famous person must be signified individually other than they can be applied basically as same as other youth. The message structuring can be executed in the form in which it can be imitated that each youth is unique and each of them seems to be significantly same. Trial operation can affect the users as well as their buying aspect. Various teenager operations can be applied as the orientation to introduce as well as to interact the goods as well as its profits and can motivate possible usersinvolvement. Conclusions Square Toiletries Ltd appears to be the firm that is been concentrated for the quality factor since its introduction. Introducing fresh goods seems to be complex regarding any firm rather regular uniqueness as well as by the goods and improvement STL consist of the grip concurrently both in the overseas foreign industries as well as in the Bangladesh domestic industry. As Teen Shampoo must be the fresh good regarding both Bangladeshi domestic users and STL, STL must require to perform on creating the brand education for making the user to be aware regarding the trademark and its functionality. Effective and introduced brand education must assist the aimed customer and aimed people to recognize their buying choices. Challenge manner capability, establishing competitive cost, contentment for the final customer as well as keeping the fine connection along with every stakeholder that must create teen shampoo effective along with the little amount of time period. Elevated purchasing autho rity of the user as well as challenge of the optional goods must provide a harsh rivalry in the market to this emerging shampoo. Various user aspects must also create the sustainable development of the Teen shampoo the more risky one. As the Square Toiletries Ltd appears to be the trusted and renowned brand, it inherits the capability to propose the industry through the front together with the Teen Shampoo. References: Kotler, P 2000, Marketing management. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall. Dhaka Mirror 2012, Spending on radio ads on the rise. [online] Available at: https://www.dhakamirror.com/business/spending-on-radio-ads-on-the-rise/ [Accessed 14 Feb. 2015]. teendayz, (n.d.). 2015, 15 Greatest Eco-Friendly Beauty Products. [online] Available at: https://www.teendayz.com/gallery/6786/15-greatest-eco-friendly-beauty-products/71466 [Accessed 14 Feb. 2015]. Blumenthal, A. (n.d.) 2015, Packaging Design for Teen Agers Shampoo. [online] Elance. Available at: https://www.elance.com/samples/packaging-design-teen-agers-shampoo/116273466/ [Accessed 16 Feb. 2015]. philipkingsley.co.uk, (n.d.) 2015, TEEN'S HAIR. [online] Available at: https://www.philipkingsley.co.uk/hair-guide/babies-puberty-and-teens/puberty-and-teens/ [Accessed 13 Feb. 2015]. Edurite.com 2015, Advantage and Disadvantage of Shampoo. [online] Available at: https://www.edurite.com/kbase/advantage-and-disadvantage-of-shampoo [Accessed 16 Feb. 2015] Anon 2014, [online]Availableathttps://www.indexmundi.com/bangladesh/demographics_profile .html [Accessed 18 Feb. 2015]. Anas, A 2013, Soaring demand powers personal care market. The Financial Express. [online] Available at: 15. https://www.thefinancialexpress-bd.com/2013/12/31/11500 [Accessed 17 Feb. 2015]. Ahamed (Ph. D), M. (n.d.) 2015, A Report on Cosmetic Toiletries Industries of Bangladesh. 1st ed. [ebook] Available at: 14. https://jbbc.co.jp/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/A-Report-onCosmetics-Toiletries-Industry-of-bangladesh.pdf [Accessed 18 Feb. 2015]. CompaniesandMarkets.com, (n.d.) 2015, Cosmetic Products Market. [online] Available at: https://www.companiesandmarkets.com/MarketInsight/Consumer-Goods/Cosmetic-ProductsMarket/NI8906 [Accessed 17 Feb. 2015]. Peterson, H 2014, Heres How Teens Really Spend Money, What They Like, And Where They Shop Read more: https://www.businessinsider.com/how-teens-are-spending-money-2014-2014- 10#ixzz3ULGbKUYj. [online] Business Insider. Available at: https://www.businessinsider.com/how-teens-are-spending-money-2014-2014-10 [Accessed 18 Feb. 2015]. Roberts, B. (n.d.) 2015, Mobile Advertising: Unilever teen campaign in Brazil with Nokia Interactive. [online] gomonews. Available at: https://www.gomonews.com/mobile-advertising-unilever-teencampaign-in-brazil-with-nokia-interactive/ [Accessed 17 Feb. 2015]. U.S Radionews 2014, How To Quit Your Shampoo Addiction. [online] Available at: https://www.radionews.us/2014/12/05/how-to-quit-your-shampooaddiction/?ModPagespeed=noscript [Accessed 24 Feb. 2015]. Anon, (n.d.) 2015, [online] Available at: 8. https://www.progressivabrasil.com.br/inoar-apple-teenshampoo-1000ml [Accessed 16 Feb. 2015]. ireport.cnn 2012, 'Shamboiling': The Newest Drug Trend Among Teens. [online] Available at: 6. https://ireport.cnn.com/docs/DOC-842558 [Accessed 19 Feb. 2015]. ROMANOWSKI, P 2009, Top 10 Unsolved Skin Care Problems. [online] chemistscorner. Available at: 4. https://chemistscorner.com/top-10-unsolved-hair-care-problems/ [Accessed 26 Feb. 2015].

How would you approach a Research Problem- My Assignment Help!

Questions: 1. Inwhatwayswouldthetypeofdegreeyouarepursuing(i.e.appliedorPh.D.researchstudy)impactthewayyouwouldapproacha researchproblem?2. Howwouldthedegreetypeinfluencedecisionsyoumakeabouttheresearchapproachanddesign?3. Doyoubelieveyourdegreetypewillinfluenceyourmethodordesign?Yes?No?Pleaseexplain.4. Doyouseeyourselfasmoreofaqualitative,quantitative,ormixedresearcher?Pleaseexplain. Answers: 1. In order to obtain the degree of Doctorate of Philosophy in Business and specialization in International Business one needs to conduct thorough research. This also enhances the understanding of the researcher on how to approach on particular research objective. The students study the contemporary business issues from various other researchers point of view. Therefore, once I study many ways of approaching an issue I would be able to shortlist the best possible option for each research that I come across. The programme would sharpen my research skills to a great extent (Dane,2011). 2. The Ph.D. degree influence decisions about research approach and design as the research study involve many roles and skills of the people participating, information, commercial aspects. Research includes both applied and action research. The task of analysis becomes complicated with planning and application of research. Different sequence and design are needed for conceptualizing and planning which will have a significant influence on the research work (Krathwohl,2009) 3. Yes, the Ph.D. degree can change methodology and design because the research undertaken at Ph.D. level is mainly for acquiring a university degree. The researcher predetermined the ways in which he work on his project, and this can be achieved by using a particular methodology. The choice of research influences both method and design as a researcher always tries to find a way that will be suitable for undertaking the research. 4. Yes, the characteristic of the qualitative, quantitative and mixed researcher can be chosen as qualitative research includes the knowledge of practical and participatory perspective. A mixed researcher uses mixed research method in which both methods of research design and philosophy is used. Quantitative research method deal with surveys and inquiry related strategies. Therefore, the qualitative, quantitative, and mixed research method influences research approach. References Dane,F.C.(2011)Evaluatingresearch:Methodologyforpeoplewho needtoreadresearch Krathwohl,D.(2009)Methodsof